{"id":7706,"date":"2023-10-21T23:03:38","date_gmt":"2023-10-21T23:03:38","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.chellah.site\/resources\/"},"modified":"2024-02-23T15:55:15","modified_gmt":"2024-02-23T15:55:15","slug":"resources","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.chellah.site\/en\/visit-chellah\/resources\/","title":{"rendered":"Resources"},"content":{"rendered":"[vc_row type=&#8221;full_width_background&#8221; full_screen_row_position=&#8221;middle&#8221; column_margin=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction_tablet=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction_phone=&#8221;default&#8221; bg_color=&#8221;#002060&#8243; bg_image=&#8221;6278&#8243; bg_position=&#8221;center center&#8221; background_image_loading=&#8221;default&#8221; bg_repeat=&#8221;no-repeat&#8221; scene_position=&#8221;center&#8221; top_padding=&#8221;13%&#8221; bottom_padding=&#8221;13%&#8221; text_color=&#8221;light&#8221; text_align=&#8221;center&#8221; row_border_radius=&#8221;none&#8221; 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border_radius=&#8221;none&#8221; box_shadow=&#8221;none&#8221; image_loading=&#8221;default&#8221; max_width=&#8221;100%&#8221; max_width_mobile=&#8221;default&#8221;][vc_custom_heading text=&#8221;Rabat &#8211; From Ancient Morocco from Chellah to Mohammed VI<br \/>\nRobert Chastel&#8221; font_container=&#8221;tag:h6|text_align:center&#8221; use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221;][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner column_padding=&#8221;padding-3-percent&#8221; column_padding_tablet=&#8221;inherit&#8221; column_padding_phone=&#8221;inherit&#8221; column_padding_position=&#8221;top-bottom&#8221; column_element_direction_desktop=&#8221;default&#8221; column_element_spacing=&#8221;default&#8221; desktop_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; tablet_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; phone_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; background_color_opacity=&#8221;1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=&#8221;1&#8243; column_backdrop_filter=&#8221;none&#8221; column_shadow=&#8221;none&#8221; column_border_radius=&#8221;none&#8221; 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row_position_tablet=&#8221;inherit&#8221; row_position_phone=&#8221;inherit&#8221; overflow=&#8221;visible&#8221; pointer_events=&#8221;all&#8221;][vc_column_inner column_padding=&#8221;no-extra-padding&#8221; column_padding_tablet=&#8221;inherit&#8221; column_padding_phone=&#8221;inherit&#8221; column_padding_position=&#8221;all&#8221; column_element_direction_desktop=&#8221;default&#8221; column_element_spacing=&#8221;default&#8221; desktop_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; tablet_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; phone_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; background_color_opacity=&#8221;1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=&#8221;1&#8243; column_backdrop_filter=&#8221;none&#8221; column_shadow=&#8221;none&#8221; column_border_radius=&#8221;none&#8221; column_link_target=&#8221;_self&#8221; overflow=&#8221;visible&#8221; gradient_direction=&#8221;left_to_right&#8221; overlay_strength=&#8221;0.3&#8243; width=&#8221;1\/1&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=&#8221;default&#8221; animation_type=&#8221;default&#8221; bg_image_animation=&#8221;none&#8221; border_type=&#8221;simple&#8221; column_border_width=&#8221;none&#8221; column_border_style=&#8221;solid&#8221;][vc_column_text]\n<ul>\n<li>&#8221; <em>The Archaeological Site of Chellah (Sala Colonia): Research and Conservation in the 21st Century<\/em> &#8221; by A. Laporte, S. Caux, and C. Mora: This article examines archaeological excavations and conservation work at Chellah in the twenty-first century.<\/li>\n<li>&#8220;<em>Chellah, Morocco: An Archaeological and Historical Overview<\/em>&#8221; by M. Lequan and N. Meftah: This article offers a comprehensive overview of the history and archaeology of Chellah, highlighting important discoveries and recent developments.<\/li>\n<li>&#8220;<em>Chellah, an Archaeological Jewel in the Heart of Rabat, Morocco<\/em>&#8221; by M. Mezzine: This article focuses on the cultural significance of Chellah as an archaeological site in the heart of Rabat.<\/li>\n<li>&#8220;<em>Chellah Archaeological Site: A Case Study of Moroccan Heritage Preservation<\/em>&#8221; by M. Alami and M. A. Al-Hammadi: This article examines heritage preservation efforts in Chellah and the challenges they face.<\/li>\n<li>&#8220;<em>Chellah, Morocco: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Study of an Archaeological Site<\/em>&#8221; by N. Meftah and M. Lequan: This article explores the multidisciplinary approach used to study Chellah, integrating archaeology, history, and other disciplines.<\/li>\n<li>&#8220;<em>Chellah: From Phoenician Settlement to Marinid Necropolis<\/em>&#8221; by H. Theodoropoulou: This article examines the possible origins of Chellah, including a possible Phoenician occupation.<\/li>\n<li>Es Sadra L., 2016, New Readings from the Capitol of Sala, BAM 23, p.119-138.<\/li>\n<li>Gsell S. and Carcopino J., 1931, The basis of M. Sulpicius F\u00e9lix and the decree of the decurions of Sala, M\u00e9langes d&#8217;arch\u00e9ologie et d&#8217;histoire 48, p. 1-39.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/1n3ajofCyNBCmbnmaVgJV3VDUCwnNuKWX\/view?usp=sharing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Hansali M. and Ammar H., 2013, History of archaeological research on the ancient period in Sala, ALINSAP review 4, p. 33-42.<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/vc_column_text][divider line_type=&#8221;No Line&#8221; custom_height=&#8221;0&#8243; custom_height_phone=&#8221;10&#8243;][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/tab][tab icon_family=&#8221;none&#8221; title=&#8221;Theses and Dissertations&#8221; id=&#8221;1708703657756-6&#8243; tab_id=&#8221;1708703657758-9&#8243;][vc_row_inner column_margin=&#8221;none&#8221; column_direction=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction_tablet=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction_phone=&#8221;default&#8221; text_align=&#8221;left&#8221; row_position=&#8221;default&#8221; row_position_tablet=&#8221;inherit&#8221; row_position_phone=&#8221;inherit&#8221; overflow=&#8221;visible&#8221; pointer_events=&#8221;all&#8221;][vc_column_inner column_padding=&#8221;no-extra-padding&#8221; column_padding_tablet=&#8221;inherit&#8221; column_padding_phone=&#8221;inherit&#8221; column_padding_position=&#8221;all&#8221; column_element_direction_desktop=&#8221;default&#8221; column_element_spacing=&#8221;default&#8221; desktop_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; tablet_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; phone_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; background_color_opacity=&#8221;1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=&#8221;1&#8243; column_backdrop_filter=&#8221;none&#8221; column_shadow=&#8221;none&#8221; column_border_radius=&#8221;none&#8221; column_link_target=&#8221;_self&#8221; overflow=&#8221;visible&#8221; gradient_direction=&#8221;left_to_right&#8221; overlay_strength=&#8221;0.3&#8243; width=&#8221;1\/1&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=&#8221;default&#8221; animation_type=&#8221;default&#8221; bg_image_animation=&#8221;none&#8221; border_type=&#8221;simple&#8221; column_border_width=&#8221;none&#8221; column_border_style=&#8221;solid&#8221;][vc_column_text]\n<ul>\n<li>&#8220;<em>The Monuments of the Waters of Sala in Antiquity<\/em>&#8221; by H.Ammar, Ph.D. thesis, Sorbonne, Paris 2007<\/li>\n<li>&#8220;<em>The Marinid Necropolis of Chellah: An Archaeological and Anthropological Study<\/em>&#8221; by Salah Meouak (Master&#8217;s thesis): This dissertation focuses on the Marinid Necropolis of Chellah, examining both its archaeological and anthropological aspects.<\/li>\n<li>&#8220;<em>Conservation and Enhancement of the Archaeological Site of Chellah<\/em> &#8221; by Hicham Bouali (Master&#8217;s Thesis): This thesis focuses on the challenges and strategies of conservation and enhancement of the archaeological site of Chellah.<\/li>\n<li>&#8220;<em>Chellah, an ancient and medieval city in Morocco: Archaeological and historical analysis<\/em> &#8221; by Fatima Zahra Lghouch (PhD Thesis): This thesis explores the evolution of Chellah as an ancient and medieval city, using an archaeological and historical approach.<\/li>\n<li>&#8220;<em>Study of Funerary Practices in Chellah: Anthropological and Archaeological Analysis<\/em> &#8221; by Mohamed Belghazi (Master&#8217;s Thesis): This dissertation focuses on funerary practices in Chellah, combining anthropological and archaeological analyses.<\/li>\n<li>&#8220;<em>Chellah, Ancient City and Marinid Necropolis: Archaeological and Historical Study<\/em>&#8221; by Abdelkader Bouziane (PhD Thesis): This thesis offers an in-depth study of Chellah as an ancient city and Marinid necropolis, combining archaeological and historical approaches.<\/li>\n<li>&#8220;<em>Conservation and Enhancement of Cultural Heritage: The Case of Chellah<\/em> &#8221; by Sara Benjilali (Master&#8217;s Thesis): This dissertation examines aspects of the conservation and enhancement of cultural heritage in Chellah.<\/li>\n<li>&#8220;<em>Chellah, a Moroccan Archaeological Site of Historical and Cultural Importance<\/em>&#8221; by Hassan El Hassani (PhD Thesis): This thesis explores the historical and cultural importance of Chellah as a Moroccan archaeological site.<\/li>\n<li>&#8220;<em>Chellah: A Moroccan Archaeological Site Between History and Memory<\/em>&#8221; by Fatima El Ouargui (PhD Thesis): This thesis explores the interaction between history and the collective memory of Chellah as a Moroccan archaeological site.<\/li>\n<li>&#8220;<em>Chellah: History, Archaeology and Conservation<\/em>&#8221; by Khalid El Mansouri (Master&#8217;s thesis): This study examines the different facets of Chellah, from its history to its conservation issues.<\/li>\n<li>&#8220;<em>The Architecture and Urbanism of Chellah through the Ages<\/em> &#8221; by Samir Bousfiha (PhD Thesis): This thesis looks at the evolution of Chellah&#8217;s architecture and urbanism over the centuries.<\/li>\n<li>&#8220;<em>Rock Art in Chellah: Analysis and Interpretation<\/em> &#8221; by Leila Benjelloun (Master&#8217;s thesis): This dissertation examines the rock art present in Chellah and offers an in-depth analysis of these artistic elements.<\/li>\n<li>&#8220;<em>Chellah through Photography: Evolution of an Archaeological Site<\/em>&#8221; by Karim Rais (Ph.D. Thesis): This dissertation explores the evolution of Chellah through photographs taken over time, offering a visual look at the changes in the site.<\/li>\n<li>&#8220;<em>Chellah and Moroccan Identity: Socio-Cultural Analysis<\/em>&#8221; by Nadia Ait Boulahcen (Master&#8217;s thesis): This dissertation examines how Chellah contributes to the Moroccan cultural identity and the collective memory of the country.<\/li>\n<li>&#8220;<em>Chellah and Moroccan Literature: Influence and Inspiration<\/em>&#8221; by Ahmed El Gharbi (PhD Thesis): This dissertation explores how Chellah influenced Moroccan literature through the works of local writers.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/vc_column_text][divider line_type=&#8221;No Line&#8221; custom_height=&#8221;0&#8243; custom_height_phone=&#8221;10&#8243;][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/tab][tab icon_family=&#8221;none&#8221; title=&#8221;Archaeological Reports&#8221; id=&#8221;1708703657821-3&#8243; tab_id=&#8221;1708703657821-10&#8243;][vc_row_inner column_margin=&#8221;none&#8221; column_direction=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction_tablet=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction_phone=&#8221;default&#8221; text_align=&#8221;left&#8221; row_position=&#8221;default&#8221; row_position_tablet=&#8221;inherit&#8221; row_position_phone=&#8221;inherit&#8221; overflow=&#8221;visible&#8221; pointer_events=&#8221;all&#8221;][vc_column_inner column_padding=&#8221;no-extra-padding&#8221; column_padding_tablet=&#8221;inherit&#8221; column_padding_phone=&#8221;inherit&#8221; column_padding_position=&#8221;all&#8221; column_element_direction_desktop=&#8221;default&#8221; column_element_spacing=&#8221;default&#8221; desktop_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; tablet_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; phone_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; background_color_opacity=&#8221;1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=&#8221;1&#8243; column_backdrop_filter=&#8221;none&#8221; column_shadow=&#8221;none&#8221; column_border_radius=&#8221;none&#8221; column_link_target=&#8221;_self&#8221; overflow=&#8221;visible&#8221; gradient_direction=&#8221;left_to_right&#8221; overlay_strength=&#8221;0.3&#8243; width=&#8221;1\/1&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=&#8221;default&#8221; animation_type=&#8221;default&#8221; bg_image_animation=&#8221;none&#8221; border_type=&#8221;simple&#8221; column_border_width=&#8221;none&#8221; column_border_style=&#8221;solid&#8221;][vc_column_text]<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/1UL00DB1D-x0b7ytEHnEhgOlFM4-A5toh\/view?usp=sharing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Heritage assessment of the wall of the archaeological site of Chellah<\/a><\/strong><br \/>\nCarried out by: PATRIMONIUM SARL (Mohamed AL JATTARI \u2013 Youssef BOUQRINI)<\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/16R2OTiHmr9D07YfCoUHl_DWWMje4oAN2\/view?usp=sharing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Archaeological study and heritage consultation<\/a><\/strong><br \/>\nCarried out by: Hassan Limane (INSAP, Rabat) \u2013 Ahmed Ettahiri (INSAP, Rabat) \u2013 Hicham Rguig (UCA, Marrakech)<\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/1gqFpVE3RQrZA4jdo-6KrBx8-GgPVNtJU\/view?usp=sharing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Presentation of the preliminary results of the archaeological research carried out in , outside the Marinid wall (April-July 2023)<\/a><\/strong><br \/>\nReport in: Arabic, Amazigh, English and French[\/vc_column_text][divider line_type=&#8221;No Line&#8221; custom_height=&#8221;0&#8243; custom_height_phone=&#8221;10&#8243;][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/tab][tab icon_family=&#8221;none&#8221; title=&#8221;Online Resources&#8221; id=&#8221;1708703657880-9&#8243; tab_id=&#8221;1708703657881-0&#8243;][vc_row_inner column_margin=&#8221;none&#8221; column_direction=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction_tablet=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction_phone=&#8221;default&#8221; text_align=&#8221;left&#8221; row_position=&#8221;default&#8221; row_position_tablet=&#8221;inherit&#8221; row_position_phone=&#8221;inherit&#8221; overflow=&#8221;visible&#8221; pointer_events=&#8221;all&#8221;][vc_column_inner column_padding=&#8221;no-extra-padding&#8221; column_padding_tablet=&#8221;inherit&#8221; column_padding_phone=&#8221;inherit&#8221; column_padding_position=&#8221;all&#8221; column_element_direction_desktop=&#8221;default&#8221; column_element_spacing=&#8221;default&#8221; desktop_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; tablet_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; phone_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; background_color_opacity=&#8221;1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=&#8221;1&#8243; column_backdrop_filter=&#8221;none&#8221; column_shadow=&#8221;none&#8221; column_border_radius=&#8221;none&#8221; column_link_target=&#8221;_self&#8221; overflow=&#8221;visible&#8221; gradient_direction=&#8221;left_to_right&#8221; overlay_strength=&#8221;0.3&#8243; width=&#8221;1\/1&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=&#8221;default&#8221; animation_type=&#8221;default&#8221; bg_image_animation=&#8221;none&#8221; border_type=&#8221;simple&#8221; column_border_width=&#8221;none&#8221; column_border_style=&#8221;solid&#8221;][vc_column_text]<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.insap.ac.ma\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">National Institute of Archaeology and Heritage Sciences | INSAP<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/mjcc.gov.ma\/fr\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ministry of Youth, Culture and Communication<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.bnrm.ma\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">National Library of the Kingdom of Morocco<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/fnm.ma\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">National Museums Foundation<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/fspcrabat.ma\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Foundation for the Safeguarding of Cultural Heritage of Rabat<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.archivesdumaroc.ma\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Archives of Morocco<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.uir.ac.ma\/fr\/pole\/ecole-superieure-darchitecture-de-rabat\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>International University of Rabat \u2013 Rabat School of Architecture<\/strong> <\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>National School of Architecture<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/whc.unesco.org\/fr\/list\/1401\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Unesco<\/strong><\/a>[\/vc_column_text][divider line_type=&#8221;No Line&#8221; custom_height=&#8221;0&#8243; custom_height_phone=&#8221;10&#8243;][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/tab][\/tabbed_section][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=&#8221;full_width_background&#8221; full_screen_row_position=&#8221;middle&#8221; column_margin=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction_tablet=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction_phone=&#8221;default&#8221; scene_position=&#8221;center&#8221; top_padding=&#8221;40&#8243; bottom_padding=&#8221;20&#8243; text_color=&#8221;dark&#8221; text_align=&#8221;left&#8221; row_border_radius=&#8221;none&#8221; row_border_radius_applies=&#8221;bg&#8221; overflow=&#8221;visible&#8221; overlay_strength=&#8221;0.3&#8243; gradient_direction=&#8221;left_to_right&#8221; shape_divider_position=&#8221;bottom&#8221; bg_image_animation=&#8221;none&#8221; gradient_type=&#8221;default&#8221; shape_type=&#8221;&#8221;][vc_column column_padding=&#8221;no-extra-padding&#8221; column_padding_tablet=&#8221;inherit&#8221; column_padding_phone=&#8221;inherit&#8221; column_padding_position=&#8221;all&#8221; column_element_direction_desktop=&#8221;default&#8221; column_element_spacing=&#8221;default&#8221; desktop_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; tablet_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; phone_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; background_color_opacity=&#8221;1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=&#8221;1&#8243; column_backdrop_filter=&#8221;none&#8221; column_shadow=&#8221;none&#8221; column_border_radius=&#8221;none&#8221; column_link_target=&#8221;_self&#8221; column_position=&#8221;default&#8221; gradient_direction=&#8221;left_to_right&#8221; overlay_strength=&#8221;0.3&#8243; width=&#8221;1\/1&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=&#8221;default&#8221; animation_type=&#8221;default&#8221; bg_image_animation=&#8221;none&#8221; border_type=&#8221;simple&#8221; column_border_width=&#8221;none&#8221; column_border_style=&#8221;solid&#8221;][vc_custom_heading text=&#8221;Find out more!&#8221; font_container=&#8221;tag:h2|text_align:left|color:%23794e30&#8243; use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221;][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1697914288695{padding-right: 5% !important;}&#8221;]Dive deeper into the fascinating history of the archaeological site of Chellah by exploring our other resources and detailed information.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=&#8221;full_width_background&#8221; full_screen_row_position=&#8221;middle&#8221; column_margin=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction_tablet=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction_phone=&#8221;default&#8221; scene_position=&#8221;center&#8221; top_padding=&#8221;20&#8243; bottom_padding=&#8221;40&#8243; left_padding_desktop=&#8221;8%&#8221; right_padding_desktop=&#8221;8%&#8221; top_padding_tablet=&#8221;10%&#8221; bottom_padding_tablet=&#8221;15%&#8221; left_padding_tablet=&#8221;8%&#8221; text_color=&#8221;dark&#8221; text_align=&#8221;left&#8221; row_border_radius=&#8221;none&#8221; row_border_radius_applies=&#8221;bg&#8221; overflow=&#8221;hidden&#8221; advanced_gradient_angle=&#8221;0&#8243; overlay_strength=&#8221;0.3&#8243; gradient_direction=&#8221;left_to_right&#8221; shape_divider_color=&#8221;#000000&#8243; shape_divider_position=&#8221;top&#8221; bg_image_animation=&#8221;none&#8221; shape_type=&#8221;straight_section&#8221; gradient_type=&#8221;default&#8221;][vc_column column_padding=&#8221;no-extra-padding&#8221; column_padding_tablet=&#8221;inherit&#8221; column_padding_phone=&#8221;inherit&#8221; column_padding_position=&#8221;all&#8221; column_element_direction_desktop=&#8221;default&#8221; column_element_spacing=&#8221;default&#8221; desktop_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; tablet_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; phone_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; background_color_opacity=&#8221;1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=&#8221;1&#8243; column_backdrop_filter=&#8221;none&#8221; column_shadow=&#8221;none&#8221; column_border_radius=&#8221;none&#8221; column_link_target=&#8221;_self&#8221; column_position=&#8221;default&#8221; gradient_direction=&#8221;left_to_right&#8221; overlay_strength=&#8221;0.3&#8243; width=&#8221;1\/4&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=&#8221;default&#8221; animation_type=&#8221;default&#8221; bg_image_animation=&#8221;none&#8221; border_type=&#8221;simple&#8221; column_border_width=&#8221;none&#8221; column_border_style=&#8221;solid&#8221;][fancy_box box_style=&#8221;image_above_text_underline&#8221; image_url=&#8221;6241&#8243; image_aspect_ratio=&#8221;4-5&#8243; content_color=&#8221;#000000&#8243; border_radius=&#8221;default&#8221; image_loading=&#8221;default&#8221; enable_animation=&#8221;true&#8221; animation=&#8221;fade-in-from-right&#8221; image_size=&#8221;large&#8221; link_url=&#8221;\/en\/visit-chellah\/the-site\/the-ramparts-and-gates\/&#8221;]\n<h4>The Ramparts and Gates<\/h4>\n[\/fancy_box][divider line_type=&#8221;No Line&#8221; custom_height=&#8221;30&#8243;][\/vc_column][vc_column column_padding=&#8221;no-extra-padding&#8221; column_padding_tablet=&#8221;inherit&#8221; column_padding_phone=&#8221;inherit&#8221; 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